World War II Database

Country of Origin	Sweden
Type	Anti-Aircraft Gun
Caliber	40.000 mm
Weight	1981.000 kg
Ammunition Weight	0.90 kg
Rate of Fire	120 rounds/min
Ceiling	7.160 km
Muzzle Velocity	881 m/s

Contributor: C. Peter Chen

ww2dbaseThe design for the Bofors 40-millimeter gun began in 1929. Because the Swedish Navy was small, Bofors A.B. was initially reluctant on picking up the costly research, but obliged after the Swedish Navy agreed to pay for the research costs. Around this time, the German weapon manufacturer Krupp AG purchased a third of the shares of Bofors, leading to the suspicion that the 40-mm gun might be of German design, though there were little evidence to suggest that the development of Bofors and Krupp anti-aircraft weapons were tied together. The prototype unit was completed in Nov 1931, and the design was approved by 1932.

Although the project was funded by the Swedish Navy, the first customer of the design was actually the Dutch Navy, who ordered five twin-gun mounts for the cruiser de Ruyter in Aug 1934.

In Apr 1935, Bofors revealed a towage carriage for the 40-mm gun which allowed them to be used by ground forces, therefore expanding their market. In Aug 1935, Belgium made the first order of the land version for a total of eight units. Shortly after, orders came from Poland, Norway, and Finland.

The Swedish Army accepted the weapon into service in 1936, designating them the 40-mm Ivakan m/36 guns.

In 1937, the British Army tested Polish-built version of the Bofors 40-mm anti-aircraft weapon, and eventually accepted them for service under the designation of QF 40-mm Mark I guns; those with flash hiders at the tips of barrels were designated Mk I/2. After acquiring a license to produce them locally, the British made changes to the design so that they could be mass-produced with efficiency. After integrating the Kerrison Director fire control system, the resulting QF 40-mm Mark III "Bofors" anti-aircraft guns quickly became the standard light anti-aircraft weapon of the British Royal Army. They were seen in towed carriages, mounted on trucks, or, in the case of the Crusader III AA Mark I tanks, dedicated armored anti-aircraft vehicles. Self-propelled versions of them served extensively with the British forces from the Normandy beaches in France into the heart of Germany.

The British Royal Navy also made heavy use of the 40-mm "Bofors" guns. Through the Royal Navy, the Americans also received plans for the weapon. Between late 1940 and Jun 1941, the United States produced them illegally to aid British war efforts. In Jun 1941, Bofors A.B. formally granted the United States the license to build them. Both the US Army and US Navy used them during WW2. The US Army designated them the 40-mm Automatic Gun M1.

By the end of WW2, a great quantity of Bofors 40-millimeter guns were built by the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia and the United States; US factories alone built more than 150,000 units. Bofors 40-millimeter guns remain in active service at the time of this writing in 2007, often equipped alongside of modern fire control systems.

Source: Wikipedia. ww2dbase

Last Major Revision: Dec 2007

40 mm Bofors Anti-Aircraft Gun Interactive Map

Photographs

See all 73 photographs of 40 mm Bofors Anti-Aircraft Gun

Videos

40 mm Bofors Timeline

16 Aug 1940	US Army Transport American Legion departed Petsamo, Finland for New York, United States with Crown Princess Martha of Norway and her three children on board. Also on board was a 40-millimeter Bofors gun purchased by the US Navy. American Legion was the last neutral ship to be allowed to depart from Petsamo.
28 Aug 1940	US Army transport American Legion, with destroyers USS Biddle and USS Blakeley in escort, arrived from from Petsamo, Finland to New York City, United States with Norwegian Crown Princess Martha. Also aboard was a 40-millimeter Bofors gun, smuggled in for the US Navy.

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